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22. maj 2009 ob 13:45 | Vest |


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DOKONČEN PORAZ TIGROV
Tamilski tigri so dokončno vojaško poraženi, njihov vrhovni poveljnik in večina njegovega štaba pobita. Ofenziva šrilanške vojske na sever države je povzročila množičen eksodus tamilskega prebivalstva, večina zgradb je porušenih. Območje spopadov je zapustilo skoraj 300.000 ljudi, ki so nastanjeni v množici ograjenih taborišč z borno hrano in slabo sanitarno oskrbo. Med begunci vladajo lakota in bolezni. Vlada je blokirala dostop na območje vsem novinarjem, humanitarcem in opazovalcem mednarodnih organizacij. Do beguncev tako ne more priti niti humanitarna pomoč Združenih narodov. Rdeči križ že nekaj časa ne more vzpostaviti kontakta s 25-imi svojimi lokalnimi predstavniki na območju napadov.
Čeprav vlada slavi zmago nad »terorizmom«, z vojaško zmago nad Tigri ni rešen noben izmed temeljnih antagonizmov šrilanške družbe, ki ji dominira elita ene same etnične skupnosti. Po ocenah Združenih narodov, ki niso bile namenjene javni objavi, je bilo v času od 20. januarja do 7. maja ubitih 7000 civilistov, ranjenih skoraj 17000. V zadnjih treh tednih je zaradi bombardiranja umrlo še vsaj 1000, večina na območjih, ki jih je država razglasila za varna območja. Končno število mrtvih v zadnjih dnevih napadov ni znano. Šrilanška vlada nediskriminirano pobijanje zanika, vsi prebivalci so območje zapustili nepoškodovani, sedaj za njih skrbi država.

AFPAK I.
Obamova administracija se je odločila, da bosta Afganistan in Pakistan glavni fokus vojaških operacij. S tem namenom je bil zamenjan tudi poveljnik okupacijskih enot. Novi šef je postal dosedanji vodja JSO (Joint Special Operations), ki je poveljeval posebnim enotam, zadolženim za tajne eksekucije, mučenje in gverilsko bojevanje v sovražnikovem zaledju. Poveljstvo JSO je direktno poročalo bivšemu podpredsedniku Cheney-ju, udeleženo je bilo pri zasliševanju in mučenju ujetnikov Iraku, ustanavljanju in treningu paravojaških odredov smrti, ter gverilskih operacij v Afganistanu, Pakistanu in Iraku.
Bela hiša in Pentagon trdita, da je nastavitev McChrystala posledica kompleksnosti situacije v Afganistanu. Kompleksnost v resnici pomeni čedalje večje nasprotovanje prebivalstva vojaški okupaciji in nerazumevanju kolateralne škode.
Poročilo ameriških oboroženih sil podkrepljuje nov zagon, saj pravi, da so ameriška letala v aprilu odvrgla rekordno količino bomb na Afganistan. V 2110 poletih so odvrgla 438 bomb. V Iraku so v 767 poletih odvrgla le 26 bomb. V poročilo niso vključeni napadi helikopterskih enot in letal enot za posebne operacije.

AFPAK II.
Pakistanska vojska je zaradi ameriškega pritiska v obsežni ofenzivi proti talibanom v dolini Swat. Agencija za begunce ZN poroča, da je od 2. maja v Pakistanu 1,5 milijona beguncev več. Pred to ofenzivo je bilo razseljenih prebivalcev uradno le nekaj več od pol milijona. Od genocida v Ruandi ni še nikoli toliko ljudi zapustilo svoje domove v tako kratkem času.

NETANJAHU PRI OBAMI
Na prvem obisku v ZDA se je mudil novi izraelski premier Benjamin Netanjahu. Z Obamo sta govorila podobno, vendar ne enako. Obama bi hotel na ozemlju zgodovinske Palestine dve državi, Netanjahu ne, Obama bi hotel prenehanje širjenja nelegalnih naselbin, Netanjahu jih vidi kot naravno rast. Obama zahteva od Izraela konec embarga na Gazo, rešitev humanitarne krize in spoštovanje prejšnjih sporazumov, Netanjahu vidi problem v Iranu, palestinskih raketah in terorizmu.
Kljub rahlo neharmoničnim tonom tiskovne konference namerava ameriška administracija z novim osnutkom proračuna povečati pomoč Izraelu za 10%, Palestinski samoupravi pa naložiti dodatne pogoje za prejem pomoči. V nasprotju z mednarodnim pravom in sporazumom iz Osla namerava spoštovati izraelsko prisvajanje Jeruzalema, hkrati pa prepoveduje ustanavljanje ameriških uradov v vzhodnem Jeruzalemu za uradno sodelovanje s Palestinsko samoupravo. Predstavnikom države sočasno prepoveduje celo sestajanje s palestinskimi predstavniki na tem območju.
Drugače je v Palestini vse po starem, v Gazo sme legalno le 40 artiklov, nevarne so tudi knjige, glasba in igrače. Na mejnem prehodu Eretz je bil ustreljen voznik tovornjaka Združenih narodov s humanitarno pomočjo in bombardirano skladišče podjetja, ki dela za ZN. Dva delavca sta umrla, trije so težko poškodovani.

CLINTON IN HAITI
Bivši ameriški predsednik Bill Clinton je postal posebni poslanec Združenih narodov za stabilizacijo Haitija. Clinton naj bi bil odlična izbira, ki bo pomagala Haitiju pri povečevanju tujih vlaganj in stabilizaciji te najrevnejše države v Karibih in celotni zahodni hemisferi. V resnici je Clinton v svojem mandatu izdatno pripomogel k destabilizaciji države. Po prvem državnem udaru s podporo administracije Busha starejšega proti izvoljenemu predsedniku Jean-Bertrand Aristidu leta 1991 je ta pobegnil v ZDA. Clinton je pred svojo izvolitvijo zagovarjal spremembo ameriške politike do Haitija. Posebej je nasprotoval krutemu ravnanju s haitskimi pribežniki v Gvantanamu in generalni politiki ZDA, ki je podpirala vse diktatorske režime, to so Papa in Baby Doc, François in Jean-Claude Duvalier. Kljub načelni podpori Clintonova administracija ni hotela podpreti Aristidovega povratka na oblast. Za Clintona je bil ta preveč levičarski, zato Aristidu niso dovolili povratka na oblast, dokler ni obljubil sprejetja ekonomske terapije Mednarodnega denarnega sklada in tega, da se mu leta v ekzilu štejejo kot čas predsednikovanja. Odstavljeni predsednik se je na oblast vrnil leta 1994, torej le leto pred koncem mandata.
Novinarji in odvetniki za človekove pravice, ki se ukvarjajo s stanjem na Haitiju, so nad izbiro Clintona za poslanca Združenih narodov zgroženi. Od prisile v neoliberalno ekonomsko politiko so imeli korist le majhen del haitske družbene elite, IMF in mednarodne korporacije. Sprostitev trga in dumpinške cene so povsem uničili lokalne pridelovalce riža, kmete so spremenile v poceni najemno silo brez pravic. Predsednik Aristide je danes ponovno v ekzilu, saj je leta 2003 doživel še en državni udar in ugrabitev. Zaradi pritiskov ZDA so umaknile ponudbo za politični azil vse karibske države, le Južnoafriška republika ni pokleknila pred diktatom Washintgona.

KONEC VOJNE PROTI DROGAM
V ZDA se obetajo spremembe v vojni proti drogam. Novi vodja urada za droge, seattleški šef policije, namerava opustiti dosedanjo taktiko, ki je v glavnem slonela na kaznovalni politiki, torej zapiranju kršiteljev. Droge in odvisnost bodo bolj stvar javnega zdravja kot kazenskega prava. Poudarek bo na odvajanju, rehabilitaciji in deljenju čistih igel. Deljenje čistih igel je na zvezni ravni sedaj prepovedano. Novi vodja pravi, da bo urad ukinil celo ime »vojna proti drogam«, saj je ljudje ne vidijo kot vojne proti narko proizvodom, temveč kot vojno proti njim samim. Čeprav Kerlikovski izhaja iz policijskih vrst, ga policijska združenja ne podpirajo. Za njih so njegova stališča preveč permisivna.

Jura Štok

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